保持身份的小化（2009）
保罗·格雷厄姆在本文中探讨了个人身份认同如何阻碍理性讨论。他指出，当某个观点与我们的核心身份绑定时，我们会本能地抵触反对意见。格雷厄姆建议，为了更清晰地思考和更有成效地交流，我们应该尽量缩小自己的身份认同范围，避免将太多事物与自己绑定。他认为，保持身份的小化有助于我们更客观地看待问题和进行真诚的辩论。
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