教授计算机科学的残酷（1988）
这篇1988年的文章反思了计算机科学教育中的残酷悖论：学生常常被困在抽象理论与具体实践之间的鸿沟中。Edsger W. Dijkstra 指出，入门课程过于强调编程细节而非计算思维，导致学生难以建立真正的计算理解。他强调，有效的教学应该以形式化方法和算法推理为核心，而非沉溺于当下的编程技巧或工具。Dijkstra 的批判视角至今仍对计算机教育工作者具有启发意义。
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