部分分数分解
部分分数分解は、微積分の授業では積分計算の手段として教えられることが多いが、この手法にはそれ以外にも重要な応用がある。P(x)/Q(x)のような有理関数をより単純な項の和に分解することで、各項を閉形式で積分できるようになる。本稿では、部分分数分解の基本とその背景にある考え方を解説する。
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